Acridine Orange Staining Solution
Acridine Orange is used for fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis of cellular physiology and cell cycle status. This cell-permeant cellular stain can be utilized in conjunction with a number of other staining techniques and fluorogenic substrates including the Magic Red line of fluorogenic protease substrates. Acridine Orange is a useful bacteria stain for the fluorescent microscopic examination of microorganisms.
Acridine Orange Staining Solution
Acridine Orange (AO) is a slightly cationic, lipophilic, fluorochrome stain capable of permeating cell and organelle membrane structure. Although quite cell permeant in the neutral form, once protonated, these dyes tend to become trapped on the low pH side of the membrane barrier leading to their accumulation in acidic organelle structures, such as lysosomes.
Acridine Orange (AO), due to its metachromatic properties, is commonly used in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis of cellular physiology and cell cycle status, including the fluorescent microscopic examination of microorganisms. Proton pump-driven lysosomal acidity generates a significant pH gradient resulting in the efficient concentration of AO within the lysosome organelles. The effectiveness of this AO concentration process is sufficient to create intra-lysosomal concentrations leading to precipitation of the AO into aggregated granules. These oligomeric structures exhibit a red shift (640 nm) compared to the monomeric AO that emits at 525 nm.
Acridine Orange (AO) can be utilized in conjunction with a number of other staining techniques and fluorogenic substrates, including the Magic Red Cathepsin B substrate and the Magic Red Caspase 3/7 that detects caspase 3/7 activation in apoptotic cells.
492 nm / 525 nm (monomeric form), 502 nm / 520-524 nm (Aggregated or DNA complexed form), 457 nm / 630-644 nm (Aggregated or RNA complexed form)
Flow cytometry, Fluorescence microscope
2-8°C
Domestic: Overnight Delivery; International: Priority Shipping
4.0 – 5.5
1 mM, 266 µg/mL
United States
- AO may be used neat or diluted in diH2O, PBS, or media. ICT’s AO is supplied at 0.5 mL liquid at 1 mM (266 µg/mL). 2. Add AO to the cell sample media at 0.5-5 µM, equal to a final dilution of 1:2,000 – 1:200 in the cells (.05-.5% v/v). For example, if using AO at 1.0 µM in the final cell suspension, it must be diluted 1:1,000. First dilute it 1:100 in PBS or diH2O; e.g., put 10 µL AO into 990 µL PBS or diH2O. Pipette the diluted AO into the cell suspension at approximately 1:10; e.g., put 50 µL diluted AO into 450 µL cell suspension.
- Incubate 15-30 minutes at 37°C.
- Wash cells if reagent is too bright.
- Analyze with fluorescence. Lysosomes will appear yellowish green by illuminating cells with a blue light (488 nm) excitation filter and a green light (540-550 nm) emission/barrier filter. Alternatively, lysosomes will appear red when using an excitation filter of 550 nm (540-560 nm) and a long pass >610 nm emission/barrier filter.
Product Specific References
| PMID | Publication |
| 35087718 | Matthaiou, EI, et al. 2022. TEM1-targeting PEGylated PLGA shikonin nanoformulation for immunomodulation and eradication of ovarian cancer. BioImpacts: BI, 65-86. |
| 35429112 | Duarte, C, et al. 2022. Crosstalk between dihydroceramides produced by Porphyromonas gingivalis and host lysosomal cathepsin B in the promotion of osteoclastogenesis. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine . |
| 35654241 | Kim, NY, et al. 2022. Tanshinone IIA exerts autophagic cell death through down-regulation of β-catenin in renal cell carcinoma cells. Biochimie. |